Part 1
The energy sector always represents a fundamental factor in the development of a country. The consumption of energy has increased considerably in recent years, especially directed to the transport sector. Concerns have arisen about whether, in the long term, the increased demand will be sustainable with availability of energy resources. This is the first work of a series of two articles will discuss the rapid increase in the use of renewable energies worldwide, especially, solar. We have gone to several forts that are their substrates, such as work carried out by the International Energy Agency (EIA), World Bank, McKinsey, The Economist, among others.
Currently, we find ourselves with a system characterized by the widespre ad use of fossil fuels. However, there have been serious questions about the adequate protection of the environment.
The oil-producing nations hold a significant influence in the global economy. However, the technology has made his own, by altering the energy system: on the one hand, with the use of methods of obtaining a few conventional Fracking, which has increased in four years to 3 million barrels a day of oil in the united States and the reserves of gas of 20 to more than 100 years, reducing significantly its price, and, on the other, increasing the attractiveness for renewable energy sources.
The above has accentuated the search for new sources of energy clean and abundant, and the efficiency of those that previously played a role as a marginalized product of concerns around the generation and storage of energy.
The main stimulant of this kind of energy is found in the dramatic reduction of costs. According to a report from the International Energy Agency, the ave rage cost of a global generation of the wind farms is reduced by approximately 30% between 2010 and 2015, while for the solar panels, this reduction was almost two-thirds. The above was the product of rising economies of scale for new technologies, the emergence of business models, more innovative, and the decrease of the installation costs.
while fossil fuels retain their position as major sources of electricity generation, it is difficult to overlook the growth rate of the renewable energies and the drastic fall in costs of these due to the technologies. IEA predicts that, in the next five years, the costs will continue to decrease: 15% on average for the wind and 25% for solar.
similarly, the technology contributes to more effective management of the supply and demand, in order to obtain energy savings. Sensors can now collect information on the consumption of energy and, through the use of algorithms, it is possible to use this information to offer incentives and reduce consumption at times of peak demand of the same.
Another of the influential factors: the increasing number of projects of incentive to the production of renewable energy, particularly countries such as Germany, thanks to its policies, has the highest installed capacity from solar panels with 38,250 mv, which represents about 26% of all solar capacity in the world. In this same direction, we find the Tax Credit for Investment in Solar (ITC for its acronym in English). Such a mechanism consists in subsidies, one-time-only 30% of the costs to residential facilities and businesses in the united States.
The procurement of renewable energy is growing competitively, according to a report from The Economist. These energy projects have received support with investments, on average, $ 260,000 million dollars a year, for the past 5 years. However, the rapidity of such growth still depends on the adequate government policies.
In the next installment we will expand the use of sola r energy in the countries of the world and, very especially, the revolution that lives in Africa.
Research associate:
Ledys Feliz.
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