The report “Social Perspectives and the World Employment 2015″, which covers 180 countries (84% of the global workforce), reveals that 75% of these workers have temporary contracts or short-term, informal, often without contracts or in family enterprises unpaid jobs.
“These emerging trends are also a reflection of the widespread insecurity that affects many workers in the world today,” he said ILO Director General Guy Ryder.
More than 60% of workers lack employment contract and a large portion of these are self-employed or family workers in developing countries .
Among the employees, less than half (42%) have a permanent contract.
By country, Bolivia and Peru, along with China, Niger and India recorded the highest rates of employment without permanent contract above 90%. In Latin America, this percentage drops to almost 31% in Costa Rica and around 55% in Chile and in Argentina. In Spain, 37.11% of workers lack permanent contract.
The use recorded big differences between regions. In developed economies and in Central and Southeast Europe, about eight in ten people of working age have a job, while in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa the figure is reduced to two in ten.
“The change we’re seeing, from traditional employment relationships to a greater number of forms of employment, often associated with increasing inequality and poverty rates in many countries,” he said Ryder.
The difference between the earnings of permanent workers and temporary workers has widened in the last decade. For example, in Uruguay it stands at 65%, while in the Philippines is 43%.
Greater state regulation
The report’s authors urge States to strengthen their legislation to better protect workers against arbitrary or unfair treatment.
In Europe, “labor protection has generally declined since 2008, when the global financial crisis began “say the researchers. This crisis led to a sharp rise in part-time employment, especially for women between 2008 and 2013.
The authors, however, indicate an improvement over the number of persons living below the threshold poverty.
20 years ago, half of the world’s workers earn less than two dollars a day, while in 2014 this percentage stood at 25%. However, 10% of employees earned a lower wage to $ 1.25 a day in 2014.
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